The old city of Mosul possesses a rich built heritage that spans over a millennium, featuring distinct architectural styles that encapsulate the essence of its local identity and sense of place. These architectural styles evolved, incorporating indigenous knowledge and expertise to address functional, climatic, economic, and construction requirements. Tragically, during the military operations in 2016–2017, Mosul Old City experienced extensive devastation, resulting in the loss of numerous landmarks and the irreplaceable built heritage of this historic city. However, digitization has emerged as a potent tool in heritage preservation and restoration. It serves as a vital initial step in reviving deteriorated heritage by providing invaluable information to specialists. In light of this, the present study aims to regenerate the urban facades of Mosul’s old city automatically, ensuring they retain their original characteristics. This objective will be accomplished by utilizing procedural modelling techniques and algorithms incorporating specific characteristics as constraints within the regeneration process. The research makes a notable contribution to digital architectural design by employing Shape Grammar analysis to derive rules. Subsequently, these rules are implemented through Python to facilitate the automatic generation of 750 heritage facade designs. Ultimately, the study demonstrates the feasibility of using procedural modelling to recreate the decimated urban fabric, ensuring the restored structures exhibit the same formal and structural characteristics as their predecessors.
